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\noindent{\large\bf CMS-HCAL AND CMS-TOB}\\
%\noindent{\bf Tile Fiber Hadron Calorimeter and Silicon Tracker Outer
%Barrel}
%\\
  \par
\noindent{\bf A. Participants} \\
  \\
{\bf CMS-HCAL (Hadron
Calorimeter)}\vspace*{1mm}\\

Task D Faculty: Prof. Arie Bodek\\
Research Faculty: Dr. Pawel de Barbaro, Dr. Howard Budd\\
Research Associate: Dr. Yeonsei Chung\\
\\
Task B Faculty: Prof. Paul Slattery\\
Research Faculty: Dr. George Ginther\\
\\
\bf CMS-TOB (Silicon Tracker Outer Barrel)
}\vspace*{1mm}\\
Task D Fculty: Prof. Paul Tipton\\
Research Associates: Dr. Eva Halkiadakis, Dr. Andy Hocker\\
Graduate Student: Mr. Ricardo Eusebi\\
\\
Task C Faculty; Prof. Regina Demina\\

{\bf Rochester CMS-HCAL/TOB Technical Support
stationed at Fermilab}\vspace*{1mm}\\
Laboratory Engineers:
Mr. D. Ruggiero\\
Technical Associates: Ms. J. Gielata, Ms. A. Sanocka, Ms. H. Zeng, \\
\\
{\bf Support from Rochester Barnes Lab for both CMS-HCAL
and CMS-TOB}\vspace*{1mm}\\
Senior Engineesr: Tom  Haelen, Sergey Kojhenevski\\
Instrument Model Maker: John Gresty\\
Electronics Technician: Larry  Kuntz\\
\\
{\bf Rochester CMS-HCAL/TOB Summer Undergradate REU Students
(2002-2003)}\vspace*{1mm}\\
 Mr. J. Chvojka,  Mr. M. Imboden, Mr. P. Sopocki, Ms. S. Lackwitz\\
\\
{\bf Administrative support for  CMS-HCAL
and CMS-TOB procurements}\vspace*{1mm}\\
Sue Brightman, Judy Mack\\

\newpage

\noindent{\bf B. Overview} \\

\noindent In the summer of 1994, the Rochester group and other US
groups signed the Letter of Intent and became part of the CMS Collaboration.
We joined the CMS-HCAL subgroup to design, construct, test and
install the Hadron Barrel calorimeter (HB) for CMS. The Rochester
CDF-Plug group has been in the forefront of the development of tile-fiber
calorimeters for a long time, starting with research and
development for SDC and culminating with the construction of the Plug Calorimeter for
the CDF upgrade.

The CMS-HCAL scintillator modules were constructed by Rochester
technical staff under the supervision of Task D CDF group.
(A. Bodek, P. deBarbaro, H. Budd and Y. S. Chung).
 Dr. Pawel de Barbaro has served as the  Level 3 Project
Manager responsible for the overall production and assembly of the
entire HCAL optical system. The construction of HCAL scintillator
modules has been comnpleted in 2002.
Members of the Task B group,
effort in June of 1997 (F.~Lobkowicz, P. Slattery and G. Ginther),
have made a major contribution to
CMS HCAL in FY98 and FY99 by designing, constructing and commissioning the
large test beam motion table.

Prof. Paul  Tipton (Task D) joined CMS in the Fall of 1998.
He is working on an effort to use the resources and expertise
gathered at Fermilab, including the expertise his group has acquired
during the construction of the SVXII, to build part of the CMS
silicon tracker at Fermilab and
Rochester. Tipton and Professor Regina Demina (Task C) are currently
supervising the CMS/TOB effort at Rochester and CERN.

Recently (summer of 2003)  Dr. Pawel de Barbaro has moved to
CERN and is now in charge of the overall installation of CMS. In the
USA the Rochester group is continuing the construction of Optical
decoder boxes and electronics for HCAL and the Rochester. Howard
Budd in charge of the design of the calibration system for
the electronics and Tipton and Demina are involved in construction
of the SVT both at Fermilab and at Rochester.


\newpage

\noindent {\bf C. Highlights of 2002-2003 Activities}

\begin{itemize}

\item {\it NIM article in 2001}
\newline
The results of studies of the performance of a prototype CMS Hadron
Calorimeter
have been published in NIM A, 457 (2001) 75-100.
Dr. de Barbaro is the corresponding author for this publication.
In this article
we report on the response of the prototype
calorimeter module to charged particle beams of pions, muons,
and electrons with momenta up to 375 GeV/c.
The data were taken at the H2 and H4 beamlines at CERN
in 1995 and 1996.
The prototype
sampling calorimeter used copper
absorber plates and  scintillator tiles
with wavelength shifting fibers for readout.
The effects  of a magnetic field of
up to 3 Tesla on the response  of the calorimeter to muons,
electrons,
and
pions are presented, and
the effects of an upstream lead tungstate crystal
electromagnetic calorimeter on the linearity and energy resolution of
the
combined calorimetric system  to hadrons are evaluated.
The results are compared with Monte Carlo simulations and are
used to optimize the
choice of total absorber depth, sampling frequency,
and longitudinal readout segmentation.







\item {\it HCAL Optics Production}
\newline
  The Rochester group
  was responsible for the construction
  of the optical system for the entire CMS HCAL Barrel Calorimeter.
  This task included purchasing of all needed materials,
(scintillator,
  fibers, plastic covers, rivets, etc),
  The task was performed at Fermilab
  (Lab~8 and Lab~5), in cooperation with FNAL technical staff.
  The production of the optical
  system for the HB began in February of 1999 and finished in March
2002.
Three Rochester physicists,
Pawel de Barbaro, (L3 Manager), Howard Budd and Yeonsei Chung
supervised
the Optics Factory at FNAL. Scintillator and fibers for the HCAL
Barrel
have been purchased through University of Rochester for \$1.1M, at the
1998 estimated baseline cost.
A staff of fourteen designers, machinists and technicians,
was involved in the project.

The optical system for the first HB half-barrel
  was  delivered to CERN by early spring 2001. Megatiles for the
second
half-barrel were delivered to CERN in December 2001.

\item {\it Installation and Testing of Megatiles at CERN 2001-2002}
\newline
In June  2001
the Rochester group (P. de Barbaro, J. Gielata, D. Ruggiero, H. Zeng)
installed  HB-  megatiles (first half-barrel)
into the absorber wedges. The installation process went very smoothly
and
took less than a week to complete. Both, the megatiles (designed and
produced in US) and the brass absorber wedges (designed in US and
produced in Spain) were built within their mechanical tolerances of
+/-
1mm and they fit together well.

Following the installation,
the Rochester group has participated in the testing of megatiles. The
tests included measuring light yield of megatiles using wire-source
system, as well using the calibration system based on LED and
laser excitation. The tests indicated that megatiles meet their
QC criteria.

Megatiles for the second half-barrel (HB+) have been installed into
the
absorber wedges in February 2002. The quality control tests
of the installed megatiles were performed at CERN in March-May 2002.


\item {\it Modifications to the optical cable system 2001-2002}
\newline
During  the tests of megatiles in June 2001, we have also
learned
that that certain changes have to be
introduced to the optical cable system connecting scintillator
megatiles
to the
readout devices (Hybrid Photodetectors). The  modifications will make
the cables  more robaust and easier
to install. The changes have implemented into the production process.

The Rochester group has become  involved in the redesign of
the optical cable system. Originally the  task of designing and
building
of the
optical cables was assigned to the University of Illinois at Chicago
(UIC)
group. At the present time,
the bulk part of the responsibility of producing and
testing the optical cables has been assumed by
the University of Rochester group.
Five UR technicians are presently involved in the production and QC of
optical cables. We expect that production of the HB optical cables
will
be completed by June 2002.

  \item {\it Study of Magnetic Field effects on
performance of HPDs and LEDs 2001-2002}
\newline
The CMS HCAL readout boxes will be located inside 4 Tesla magnetic
field.
The readout boxes will house a number  of PIN diodes and LEDs  to
maintain the calibration of the scintillator tiles and HPDs.
As a part of R\&D program, the Rochester group, in collaboration with
FNAL, has performed a study
of performance of PIN diodes in magnetic field. The results indicated
that
PIN diodes show no change in gain when operated inside magnetic field
up
to 2.5 Tesla.


On other hand, performance of HPDs depend on the presence of magnetic
field. In fact, in the presence of magnetic fields of 0.3 Tesla,
the performance of multi-pixel HPDs is improved. By changing the
trajectories of the electrons reflected off the silicon photodiode,
the presence of the B field leads to lower cross-talk between
neighboring
pixels. This effect has important implications for the calculation of
the
energy scale of the calorimeter using test beam data.

  In summer 2001, Drs. de Barbaro and Budd have supervised
Birdie Biritz, an undergraduate student from Giorgia Institute of
Technology (GIT). The student has worked on a project to design a
small
ceramic magnet which would create a 0.3 Tesla field around HPD and
allow
us to take test beam data in the environment similar to the final
environment of the CMS detector. The results of this work and very
interesting and will be published as a CMS note, and later submitted
to
NIM.

\item{\it Assembly and Testing of HCAL Readout Boxes 2002-2003}
\newline
After completion of all Optics related tasks (HB megatile production,
production of optical cables) the present team of U. of Rochester
technicians at FNAL were  directed towards work on assembly and
testing
of readout boxes (RBX).
Assembly of the RBXes, integration of various modules and testing of
electronics takes place at FNAL. Dr. de Barbaro is the L3 Manager
responsible for this task.

The boxes will contain
hybrid photodetectors (HPDs), high
voltage and low voltage distributions, and readout electronics.
Digitized
signals from HPDs will be sent to the CMS counting house using optical
cables.


\item {\it Study of Radiation hardness of scintillators 2002}
\newline
Drs P. de Barbaro and H. Budd have completed a study of
radiation
hardness of scintillator tiles read out by wavelength shifting fibers.
They compared the samples of Kuraray, Bicron and Kharkov scintillator
exposed to $Co^{60}$ source, with radiation doses up to 10 Mrads.
This work was motivated by the need to find the most radiation
resistant
material to be used in the high $\eta$ region of the endcap hadron
calorimter of the CMS detector. In this region, radiation doses may
reach
up to 10 Mrads, for 10 years of the  LHC operations. The study found,
that above 5 Mrads, the UPS-99 scintillator made by Amcrys-H Co. in
Kharkov, Ukraine is most radiation hard.

  \item {\it Motion Table for Test Beam Area upgraded in 2002}
\newline
Providing the motion table to  support and
position a sector of the CMS detector (ECAL, HCAL, Muon)
in the H2 beamline at CERN. The motion table design and construction
was coordinated by members of Task B
(G.~Ginther, F.~Lobkowicz and P.~Slattery).
The CMS test beam motion table is a moveable platform designed to
support
and position a sector of the CMS detector during exposure to high
energy
particle beams. The device is currently installed in
the H2 beamline on the CERN Prevessin site, with a  sector of the CMS
detector mounted on the table.
The detector elements supported on the motion table
include electromagnetic barrel supermodules (EB), hadronic barrel
wedges (HB), and sectors of the endcap calorimeter (EE and HE).
The motion table is also designed to support a mockup of the solenoid,
the tail-catcher iron, three muon chambers, and the HO detectors.
The total weight of the detector elements to be supported is not
anticipated to exceed 130 metric tons.
The test beam will be used to study the energy resolution, linearity,
uniformity, and response of the integrated CMS detector to
various incident particle types.  In addition to enabling
studies of the performance of the barrel and endcap calorimeters,
the motion table permits detailed investigations of the important
transition between the barrel and endcap regions.
The motion table was used
 to facilitate calibration of HB wedges to be used in the
CMS detector during 2002 test beam runs. It was also upgraded
to include mounts for the ECAL test beam module (see next section)
in 2002.


\item {\it Lead tungstate ECAL module for Test Beam}
\newline
Construction of an electromagnetic calorimeter using
       a 7x7 matrix of lead tungstate (PbWO$_4$) crystals:
       The performance of the CMS Hadron Barrel calorimeter is
strongly
       affected by the presence of the lead tungstate crystals
forming
the
       electromagnetic calorimeter. In order to properly evaluate the
       performance of the combined ECAL and HCAL calorimeter
       system, the test beam
       configuration should include a lead tungstate ECAL module.
       The Rochester group, in co-operation with FNAL, has assumed
       responsibility for construction of  a
       small 7x7 matrix of PbWO$_4$ crystals (14~cm x 14~cm transverse
       size) read out using PMTs.
       The module was used during the Aug. 1999 Test Beam at CERN.
       This module was also used to
        provide information on the performance of the CMS calorimeters
       in the transition region between barrel and endcap.

	Our group
        designed and has overseen the construction of the
        adjustable support platform for the
       ECAL test beam module. This platform was provided to CERN
       for the 2002 test beam.

\item {\it Test Beam activities in 2002 and 2003}
\newline

 
In 2002 and 2003, Rochester group has participated in the HCAL test
beam in H2 beamline at CERN. Dr. Pawel de Barbaro played a leading
role as a run co-oridinator, along with other physicist.

In 2002, the focus of test beam was the verification of the front end
electronics: charge integrating ADC, gigahertz optical link, and
trigger boards.  We have also tested the precision of calibration of
HCAL towers using wire source system and compared wire source
calibration with response of individual towers to pions, muons and
electrons.

In May 2003, for the first time, we have operated the final version
of front end electronics at 40Mhz rate using 25ns SPS structured beam.
We have verified that we can adjust timing of the HPD pulse
integration individually for each readout channel.
We have established calibration coefficients (relative calibration
constants) for HCAL towers. We will continue the testbeam activities
in August 2003, collecting combined data with lead tungstate ECAL,
Endcap and Outer Hadron calorimeters.


\item {\it CMS Installation and Commissioning 2002-2003}
\newline

Dr. Pawel de Barbaro has been asked to server as a US-CMS
Installation and Commissioning Cooridinator at CERN. He has
moved to CERN in summer of 2003. Presently he
overseen installation of source tubes and optical cables for Hadron
Endcap calorimeter (HE) in SX5, the surface assembly building of CMS
detector.  Following this, HE will be instrumented with High Voltage
and Low Voltage cables, readout boxes with hybrid photodetectors and
front end electronics. Present plan assumes  that at November of
2003, we will start testing of readout of HE.
Hadron Barrel calorimeter (HB) will be instrumented with readout
electronics and tested in 2004.
\end{itemize}


\noindent{\bf F.  Future Plans} \\

\begin{itemize}

\item {\it Assembly and Testing of Readout Boxes}
\newline

The task of building scintillator megatiles and optical readout cables
has been completed in spring 2002. At the present
time, the Rochester group is becoming involved in the new task of
assembly
and testing of the readout boxes. Each readout box (RBX) will consist
of
four hybrid photodetectors (HPDs) and associated electronics, high
voltage
unit, low voltage unit, as well as calibration module. All RBX
components
will be delivered to FNAL for the final assembly and
testing, including electronics testing. Team of Rochester technicians
at
FNAL will be transferred to the
scintillator assembly jobs to the RBX assembly jobs.



\item {\it Optics Installation Tooling}
\newline
Design and construction of the  installation fixtures for the inner
most (layer L00) and the outermost ( layer L16) sampling layers of the
HCAL calorimeter. The outer sampling layers of the HCAL calorimeter
can be installed onto the absorber following the assembly of the
wedges
into half-barrels  and insertion of the barrels into the CMS magnet
coil. The installation will have to take place at CMS hall UX5 and
will require special tooling to handle fragile, 5m long megatiles,
at the height several meters above the floor level.

\item {\it HCAL Installation and Commissioning at CERN}
\newline
P. de Barbaro has been recently ask to lead the effort of the
Installation
and Commissioning of the HCAL detector at CERN. This task includes the
four HCAL subsystems: HB (Barrel), HE (Endcap, covering $\eta$ range
up
to 3), HO (Outer, to be installed outside of the magnet) and
HF (Forward), covering $\eta$ range between 3 and 5.

At the March 2002 CMS meeting, a new plan for the LHC start has been
presented. According to  the  present schedule, first beam to CMS
(LHC pilot run) would take place in April- mid June 2007.
After a six-weeks shutdown (to install pixel detectors) the data
taking
with the fully assembled CMS detector will start in August 2007.
The new plan (a delay  by approximately 9 months with respect to the
previous schedule) allows for a installation and comissioning of the
HCAL
subdetectors in 2003 and 2004.

Between March 2002  and the end of 2004, the two HB half-barrels and
two
HE plugs stay in the SX5 building (CMS surfuce hall, the
interaction
point 5 of the LHC machine). In October 02, the HB+ wedges will be
assembled into a half-barrel. HE absorber mechanics (brass plates) and
optics (scintillator megatiles) will be assembled starting November
2002.

The readout boxes for HB and HE, with installed electronics
will become available at CERN at the beginning  2003.
FY03 and FY04 will be used to fully test the detectors using
radioactive
sources and cosmic muon runs.

In late 2004, the HCAL will be installed in the the CMS magnet.
The CMS magnet test, with the HCAL half-barrels inserted into the
magnet,
will take place in January 2005. Following the test, HCAL will be
taken
out. Magnet will be lowered to the CMS underground cavern (UX5) in May
2005. HB half-barrels will be re-installed in August 2005.


\end{itemize}

\newpage
\noindent{\bf D. Publications (2002-2003)} \\

\begin{itemize}


\item "Studies of the Response of
the Prototype CMS Hadron Calorimeter, Including
Magnetic Field Effects, to Pion, Electron and Muon Beams",
the CMS HCAL Collaboration, corresponding author P. de Barbaro,
CMS Note 2000/003, published in NIM A, 457 (2001) 75-100.




\end{itemize}

%\newpage
\noindent{\bf E. Meetings, Conferences and Reviews in 2002-2003} \\

\begin{itemize}

\item "Production of Optics Elements for the CMS Hadron Calorimeter",
P.
de Barbaro, summary talk given
at the US CMS HCAL meeting in Meulborne, FL,
February, 2002


\item "Integration and Commissioning Issues for CMS HCAL", P.
de Barbaro, talk given
at the CMS meeting at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland,
March, 2002

\item "Calibration of the Hadron Calorimeter", H. Budd , talk given
at the HCAL Collaboration Meeting Nov, 6, 2002

\item "Preformance of the Hadron Barrel readout modules", H. Budd , talk given
at the FNAL Electronics HCAL  meting May 1, 2002


\item "Calibration Module to Calibrate the HCAL electronics", H. Budd , talk given
at the FNAL Electronics HCAL  meting May 8, 2003



\end{itemize}
\end{document}
