I will also offer spontaneous credit for exceptional class
participation during lecture (``for the A''). If I tell you during
class that you are awarded an ``A'' for your participation, it is your
responsibility to deliver to me immediately after class a small sheet
of paper with your name and a description of why the ``A'' was
awarded. An ``A'' will add 
point to your overall score for the
class. ``A''s may be given for insightful questions as well as
thoughtful answers; the hallmark of exceptional participation in class
is your engagement and grasp of the material. Sometimes that means
knowing the right answer; sometimes it means knowing the right question.